Prevalência da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana no Brasil – uma revisão sistemática e metanálise

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21527/2176-7114.2023.47.13946

Palavras-chave:

Leishmania, Leishmaniose Cutânea, Leishmaniose Mucocutânea, Revisão sistemática, Prevalência

Resumo

A leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) é uma zoonose que acomete pele e mucosas, sendo causada por diferentes espécies de protozoários do gênero Leishmania. Esta doença apresenta diferentes formas clínicas: leishmaniose cutânea, cutânea disseminada, difusa e mucocutânea. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática é investigar a prevalência e distribuição da LTA no Brasil. Foram incluídos estudos que analisaram pacientes com LTA diagnosticados por pelo menos um dos métodos parasitológicos padrão-ouro, PCR, ou por métodos sorológicos. Treze estudos do PubMed, Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (IBECS), Literatura em Ciências da Saúde da América Latina e Caribe (LILACS), Sistema de Análise e Recuperação de Literatura Médica Online foram incluídos. Encontramos uma prevalência combinada na população geral de 40,0% (IC 95%: 17,0–63,0%; peso 100%). Quando a prevalência foi analisada por estado, encontramos uma prevalência de 97,0% no Rio de Janeiro. As regiões Sul e Sudeste apresentaram os maiores percentuais, com 48,0%, seguidas da região Centro-Oeste com 24,0%. A reação intradérmica de Montenegro e as culturas foram os testes mais utilizados para o diagnóstico. Este estudo revelou alta prevalência de LTA em diversos estudos realizados no Brasil, valor que foi influenciado pelas regiões mais estudadas como Sul e Sudeste, onde foi encontrada prevalência de até 48%.

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2023-09-25

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Berton, N. C., Weimer Santana Petroli, S. W. S., Melo, E. N. O. ., Lima, J. C., Silva, P. R. de S. ., Zanetti, A. dos S., & Espinosa, O. A. (2023). Prevalência da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana no Brasil – uma revisão sistemática e metanálise. Revista Contexto &Amp; Saúde, 23(47), e13946. https://doi.org/10.21527/2176-7114.2023.47.13946

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