Microrganismos presentes em uma kombucha artesanal gaúcha

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21527/2176-7114.2025.50.15103

Palavras-chave:

Camellia sinensis, Leveduras, Bebidas fermentadas

Resumo

A kombucha é uma bebida fermentada por uma cultura simbiótica de bactérias e leveduras microbiologicamente ativas (SCOBY) com propriedades apontadas como benéficas à saúde. Foi realizado estudo descritivo com kombuchas produzidas em escala em Porto Alegre/RS, sendo coletados amostras para o isolamento de microrganismos presentes na kombucha, bem como nos insumos utilizados (SCOBY e chá verde). As bebidas foram analisadas nas versões original e saborizada com e sem homogeneização, em triplicata, perfazendo um total de 12 amostras. Verificou-se que a kombucha apresentou elevada quantidade de leveduras, com diferença significativa da bebida conforme homogeneização, tanto na forma original homogeneizada (7.39±6.46 log UFC/mL vs não homogeneizada 6.46±5.39 log UFC/mL, p<0,0065) quanto na saborizada homogeneizada (7.54±6.81 log UFC/mL vs não homogeneizada 7.20±6.04 log UFC/mL, p<0,049). O SCOBY apresentou contagem total de leveduras de 6.78±6.68 log UFC/mL e no chá verde não foi observado o crescimento de microrganismos. Por fim, conclui-se que a kombucha analisada apresenta elevada quantidade de leveduras, tanto na bebida original quanto na saborizada, sendo a concentração maior desses microrganismos na forma homogeneizada, o que sugere a importância da leve homogeneização da bebida antes do consumo.

Referências

1. Normative Instruction No. 41, of September 17, 2019. Brasília: Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Supply, 2019, Pub. [cited June 5, 2022]. Available at: https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/instrucao-normativa-n-41-de-17-de-setembro-de-2019-216803534.

2. Suhre T, Mann MB, Kothe CI, Rocha ALG, Celso PG, Varela APM, Frazzon APG, Frazzon J. Microbial community and physicochemical characterization of kombuchas produced and marketed in Brazil. Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research [Internet]. December 2021. Available at: https://www.fortunejournals.com/articles/microbial-community-and-physicochemical-characterization-of-kombuchas-produced-and-marketed-in-brazil.html

3. Jayabalan R, Chen PN, Hsieh YS, Prabhakaran K, Pitchai P, Marimuthu S, Thangaraj P, Swaminathan K, Yun SE. Effect of solvent fractions of kombucha tea on viability and invasiveness of cancer cells-characterization of dimethyl 2-(2-hydroxy-2-methoxypropylidine) malonate and vitexin. Indian Journal of Biotechnology [Internet]. January 2011. Available at: https://research.kombuchabrewers.org/wp-content/uploads/kk-research-files/effect-of-solvent-fractions-of-kombucha-tea-on-viability-and-invasiveness-of-cancer-cells-characteri.pdf.

4. Kapp JM, Sumner W. Kombucha: a systematic review of the empirical evidence of human health benefit. Annals of Epidemiology [Internet]. February 2019. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.11.001.

5. Paixão LA, Castro FFS. Colonization of the intestinal microbiota and its influence on host health. Universitas: Health Sciences [Internet]. April 2016. Available at: https://www.publicacoesacademicas.uniceub.br/cienciasaude/article/view/3629/3073.

6. Araújo DG de S, Vasconcelos LPF de, Lima AKB da S, Martins A de M, Sousa EE de, Vasconcelos GM de S. Alteration of the intestinal microbiota and associated pathologies: the importance of prebiotics and probiotics in its balance. Temas Em Saúde 2019;19

7. Cuevas-Sierra A, Lopez-Ramos O, Boj-Riezu JI, Milagro FI, Martinez JA. Diet, Gut Microbiota, and Obesity: Links with Host Genetics and Epigenetics and Potential Applications. Adv Nutr [Internet]. January 2019. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30721960/.

8. Pan American Health Organization. World Obesity Day 2022: Accelerating Action to End Obesity [Internet]. Brasília: Pan American Health Organization; c2022-2022. Available at: https://www.paho.org/pt/noticias/4-3-2022-dia-mundial-da-obesidade-2022-acelerar-acao-para-acabar-com-obesidade.

9. Mousavi SM, Hashemi SA, Zarei M, Gholami A, Lai CW, Chiang WH, Omidifar N, Bahrani S, Mazraedoost S. Recent Progress in Chemical Composition, Production, and Pharmaceutical Effects of Kombucha Beverage: A Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med [Internet]. November 2020. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33281911/.

10. Nerbass FB. "Let your medicine be your food, and your food be your medicine." September 1, 2014. In ProRim [Internet]. Joinville. Available at: https://www.prorim.org.br/blog-artigos/que-seu-remedio-seja-seu-alimento-e-que-seu-alimento-seja-seu-remedio/#:~:text=Editais-.

11. Coelho RMD, Almeida AL, Amaral RQG, Mota RN, Sousa PHM. Kombucha: Review. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science [Internet]. July 2020. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2020.100272.

12. Barros VC, Freitas AC. Profile of kombucha consumers in Brazil and the world. Convibra [Internet]. 2020. Available at: https://convibra.org/congresso/res/uploads/pdf/artigo27320_4_20202443.pdf.

13. Bueno I. The World of Yeasts. 2013. In: Journal Biosferas [Internet]. São Paulo. Available at: http://www1.rc.unesp.br/biosferas/Esp13-07.html.

14. Cassanego DB, Richards NSPS, Mazutti MA, Ramírez-Castriollón M. Yeasts: diversity in kefir, potential probiotics, and possible application in ice cream. Ciência e Natura [Internet]. December 2015. Available at: https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/4675/467547645019.pdf.

15. Ordinance GM/MS No. 888, of May 4, 2021. Brasília: Ministry of Health, 2021. Available at: https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/gm/2021/prt0888_07_05_2021.html.

16. Instruction No. 161, of July 1, 2022. Brasília: Ministry of Health, 2022. Available at: https://antigo.anvisa.gov.br/documents/10181/2718376/IN_161_2022_.pdf/b08d70cb-add6-47e3-a5d3-fa317c2d54b2.

17. Soares MG, Lima M, Schmidt VCR. Technological aspects of kombucha, its applications and the symbiotic culture (SCOBY), and extraction of compounds of interest: A literature review. Trends in Food Science and Technology [Internet]. October 2020. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.06.014.

18. Marcial CR, Teixeira RS. Kombucha and health benefits. Advanced Research [Internet]. 2020. Available at: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13653.

19. Zhao X, Zhang Y, Fan L, Zhang Z, Gong Y. Kombucha tea fermentation, bioactive compounds, and therapeutic effects on human health: A review. Food Science and Nutrition [Internet]. June 2022. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35135018/.

20. Neiva RP, Guimarães R, Zonta JG. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of kombucha tea. Journal of Food Science and Nutrition [Internet]. June 2022. Available at: https://www.revistajaalimentos.com/jcana-2022.

21. Bancalari H, Rodrigues E, Medeiros S. Kombucha: Product characteristics and health benefits. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences [Internet]. August 2019. Available at: https://www.scielo.br/j/jbcf/.

22. Cabral G da S. Microorganisms in kombucha production: A brief review. Scientific Journal of Biological Sciences [Internet]. 2021. Available at: https://www.lume.ufrgs.br/handle/10183/252173.

23. Ravindran AD, Sannigrahi S, Chanda S. The therapeutic efficacy of kombucha tea: A review on its composition and medicinal properties. Antioxidants [Internet]. September 2022. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36151443/.

24. Zhang H, Hu X, Xia Y, Liu S. Health benefits of kombucha: a fermented tea and the corresponding microbiota in its preparation. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition [Internet]. August 2022. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35454031/.

Publicado

2025-02-19

Como Citar

Pizzato, A. C., de Araujo e Silva, G. B., Tósca , M. B., Bessa, M. C., Seidler, F., & de Freitas, G. A. (2025). Microrganismos presentes em uma kombucha artesanal gaúcha. Revista Contexto & Saúde, 25(50), e15103. https://doi.org/10.21527/2176-7114.2025.50.15103

Edição

Seção

Artigo Original