Prevalência de comportamento alimentar aditivo entre estudantes universitários em distanciamento social devido à covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21527/2176-7114.2025.50.15815Palavras-chave:
comportamento alimentar, estudantes, transtornos da alimentação, COVID-19Resumo
Este estudo transversal determina a prevalência do comportamento alimentar aditivo entre estudantes universitários da região sul do Brasil em condições de distanciamento social devido à COVID-19. Foram coletados dados sobre características sociodemográficas, parâmetros antropométricos, frequência alimentar prévia, frequência alimentar durante o distanciamento social, tempo de distanciamento social utilizando um questionário online autorrelato. Foi utilizada a Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 modificada. Participaram do estudo 1525 estudantes com idade entre 18 e 60 anos, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino, brancos, solteiros e natural do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A prevalência do comportamento alimentar aditivo foi de 18%. O comportamento alimentar aditivo foi associado ao sexo feminino (RP=1,80; IC 95% 1,32-2,47), idade entre 18 e 33 anos (RP=5,12; IC 95% 1,44-18,3), divorciados (RP=2,46; IC 95% 1. 41-4,27), aumento do IMC 12 meses após o distanciamento social (RP=2,31; IC 95% 1,40-3,82); diminuição (RP=1,63; IC 95% 1,18-2,27) e aumento (RP=2,18; IC 95% 1,31-2,79) do número de refeições por dia. Este estudo avaliou a prevalência de comportamento alimentar aditivo entre estudantes universitários da região sul do Brasil durante a pandemia da COVID-19, indicando que a pandemia da COVID-19 impactou negativamente os universitários brasileiros.
Referências
1. Chan JF, Yuan S, Kok KH, To KK, Chu H, Yang J et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. The Lancet. 2020 [cited 2021 Set 19]; 395(10223):514-523. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7107453/.
2. Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet. 2020 [cited 2021 Aug 18]; 395(10227):912-920. Available from: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30460-8/fulltext.
3. Yau YH, Potenza MN. Stress and eating behaviors. Minerva Endocrinol. 2013 [cited 2021 Aug 05]; 38(3):255–267. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4214609/
4. Sulejmani E, Hyseni A, Xhabiri G, Rodríguez-Pérez C. Relationship in dietary habits variations during COVID-19 lockdown in Kosovo: the covidiet study. Appetite. 2021 [cited 2021 Aug 05]; 164:105244. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8035802/.
5. Berthoud HR. Homeostatic and Non-homeostatic Pathways Involved in the Control of Food Intake and Energy Balance. Obesity. 2006 [cited 2021 Aug 18]; 14:197S-200S. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17021366/.
6. Avena NM, Bocarsly ME, Hoebel BG , Gold MS. Overlaps in the Nosology of Substance Abuse and Overeating: the translational implications of “food addiction”. Current Drug Abuse Reviewse. 2011 [cited 2021 Aug 18]; 4(3):133-139. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21999687/.
7. Radu MC, Schnakovszky C, Herghelegiu E, Ciubotariu VA, Cristea I. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Quality of Educational Process: a student survey. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health. 2020 [cited 2022 Mai 20]; 17(21):7770. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7660608/.
8. Elmer T, Mepham K, Stadtfeld C. Students under lockdown: comparisons of students⠹ social networks and mental health before and during the covid-19 crisis in switzerland. Plos One. 2020 [cited 2022 Mai 20]; 15(7):e0236337-0. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7377438/.
9. Lippi G, Henry BM, Bovo C, Gomar FS. Health risks and potential remedies during prolonged lockdowns for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Diagnosis. 2020 [cited 2022 Jun 10]; 7(2):85-90. Available from: https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/dx-2020-0041/html.
10. Gearhardt NA, Corbin WR, Brownell KD. Food Addiction: an examination of the diagnostic criteria for dependence. Journal Of Addiction Medicine. 2009 [cited 2021 Set 26]; 3(1):1-7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21768996/.
11. Gearhardt NA, Corbin WR, Brownell KD. Development of the Yale Food Addiction Scale Version 2.0. Psychology Of Addictive Behaviors. 2016 [cited 2021 Set 18]; 30(1):113-121. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26866783/.
12. American Psychiatric Association. DMS-5. Manual diagnóstico e estatístico de transtornos mentais: DSM-5. 5. ed. Porto Alegre-RS: Artmed, 2014. 992p.
13. Schulte EM, Gearhardt AN. Development of the Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale Version 2.0. European Eating Disorders Review. 2017 [cited 2021 Set 02]; 25(4):302-308.
14. Nunes-Neto PR, Carvalho AF et al. Psychometric properties of the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 in a large Brazilian sample. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria. 2018 [cited 2021 Aug 05]; 40(4):444-448. Available: https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1516-44462018000400444&script=sci_arttext. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2432.
15. Silva Júnior AE, Macena ML, Oliveira AD, Praxedes DR, Pureza ir, Florêncio TM et al. Prevalence of food addiction and its association with anxiety, depression, and adherence to social distancing measures in Brazilian university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide study. Eating And Weight Disorders - Studies On Anorexia, Bulimia And Obesity. 2022 [cited 2022 Mai 28]; 27(6):2027-2035. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8741577/.
16. BRASIL. Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira. Resumo Técnico do Censo da Educação Superior 2020. – Brasília, DF: INEP, 2022. 78 p.: il. ISBN: 978-65-5801-056-2. Available from: chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://download.inep.gov.br/publicacoes/institucionais/estatisticas_e_indicadores/resumo_tecnico_censo_da_educacao_superior_2020.pdf
17. Carr MM, Schulte ÉM, Saules KK, Gearhardt NA. Measurement Invariance of the Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 Across Gender and Racial Groups. Assessment. 2020 [cited 2021 Set 15]; 27(2):356-364. Availablefrom: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29973060/.
18. Grammatikopoulou MG, Gkiouras K, Markaki A, Theodoridis X, Tsakiri V, Mavridis P. et al. Food addiction, orthorexia, and food-related stress among dietetics students. Eating And Weight Disorders - Studies On Anorexia, Bulimia And Obesity. 2018 [cited 2021 Set 26]; 23(4):459-467. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29779146/.
19. Imperatori C, Fabbricatore M, Lester D, Manzoni GM, Castelnuovo G, Raimondi G et al. Psychometric properties of the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale Version 2.0 in an Italian non-clinical sample. Eating And Weight Disorders - Studies On Anorexia, Bulimia And Obesity. 2018; 24(1):37-45.
20. Tang CS, Gan Y, Ko J, Kwon JJ, Wu A, Yan E et al. The associations among emotional factors, personality traits, and addiction-like eating: a study on university students in six asian countries/regions. International Journal Of Eating Disorders. 2020:0-2.
21. SPSS Health: Power and Sample Size for Health Researchers. [cited 2021 Fev 12] Available from: https://hcpa-unidade-bioestatistica.shinyapps.io/PSS_Health.
22. Silva, SE. et al. Influence of the covid-19 pandemic on the education and academic performance of university students. Revista Contexto & Saúde. 2024 [cited 2024 Out 10]; 24(49):14291. Available from: https://www.revistas.unijui.edu.br/index.php/contextoesaude/article/view/14291.
23. Al-musharaf, S. Prevalence and Predictors of Emotional Eating among Healthy Young Saudi Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients. 2020 [cited 2024 Out 10]; 12(10):2923. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7598723/.
24. Coulthard, H; Sharps, M; Cunliffe, L; Tol, AVD. Eating in the lockdown during the Covid 19 pandemic; self-reported changes in eating behaviour, and associations with BMI, eating style, coping and health anxiety. Appetite. 2021 [cited 2024 Out 10]; 161:105082. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7976455/.
25. EDDY, K. T. et al. Eating disorder pathology among overweight treatment-seeking youth: clinical correlates and cross-sectional risk modeling. Behaviour Research And Therapy, 2007, 45(10):2360-2371.
26. WHO (World Health Organization). The World Health Report 2002: Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life. World Health Organization; Geneva, Switzerland: 2002.
27. Cardoso TQ, Pereira CW, Costa TS, Costalima MD. Translation and validation of the addiction-like Eating Behavior Scale from English to Portuguese in Brazil. Journal Of Addictive Diseases. 2020; 38(2):113-121.
28. Schulte EM, Gearhardt AN. Associations of Food Addiction in a Sample Recruited to Be Nationally Representative of the United States. European Eating Disorders Review. 2017 [cited 2021 Set 20]; 26(2):112-119.
29. Hauck C, Weiß A, Schulte EM, Meule A, Ellrott T. Prevalence of ‘Food Addiction' as Measured with the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 in a Representative German Sample and Its Association with Sex, Age and Weight Categories. Obesity Facts. 2017 [cited 2022 Nov 14]; 10(1):12-24. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5644971/.
30. Schulte EM, Kral TV, Allison KC. A cross-sectional examination of reported changes to weight, eating, and activity behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic among United States adults with food addiction. Appetite. 2022 [cited 2022 Oct 27]; 168:105740. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8496962/.
31. Liboredo JC, Anastácio LR, Ferreira LG, Oliveira LA, Lucia CM. Quarantine During COVID-19 Outbreak: eating behavior, perceived stress, and their independently associated factors in a brazilian sample. Frontiers In Nutrition. 2021 [cited 2021 Set 26]; 8:704619. Avalablefrom: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8349978/.
32. Alimoradi Z, Lotfi A, Lin CY, Griffiths MD, Pakpour AH. Estimation of Behavioral Addiction Prevalence During COVID-19 Pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Addict Rep. 2022 [cited 2022 Nov 14]; 9(4): 486–517. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9465150/.
33. Kriaucioniene V, Bagdonaviciene L, Rodríguez-pérez C, Petkeviciene J. Associations between Changes in Health Behaviours and Body Weight during the COVID-19 Quarantine in Lithuania: the lithuanian covidiet study. Nutrients. 2020 [cited 2022 Oct 27]; 12(10):3119. Availablefrom: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7599784/.
34. Ammar A, Brach M, Trabelsi K, Chtourou H, Boukhris O, Masmoudi L. Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement on Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity: results of the eclb-covid19 international online survey. Nutrients. 2020 [cited 2022 Nov 09]; 12(6):1583. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/6/1583/htm.
35. Herle, M. et al. Trajectories of eating behavior during COVID-19 lockdown: longitudinal analyses of 22,374 adults. Clinical Nutrition Espen, 2021; 42:158-165. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405457721000620.
36. Pellegrini M, Ponzo V, Rosato R, Scumaci E, Bocio I, Benso A et al. Changes in Weight and Nutritional Habits in Adults with Obesity during the “Lockdown” Period Caused by the COVID-19 Virus Emergency. Nutrients. 2020 [cited 2022 Nov 09]; 12(7):2016. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/7/2016/htm.
37. Rolland B, Haesebaert F, Zante E, Benyamina A, Haesebaert J, Franck N. Global Changes and Factors of Increase in Caloric/Salty Food Intake, Screen Use, and Substance Use During the Early COVID-19 Containment Phase in the General Population in France: survey study. Jmir Public Health And Surveillance. 2020 [cited 2022 Nov 09]; 6(3): e19630. Available from: https://publichealth.jmir.org/2020/3/e19630.
38. Sidor A, Rzymski P. Dietary Choices and Habits during COVID-19 Lockdown: experience from poland. Nutrients. 2020 [cited 2022 Nov 09]; 12(6):1657. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/6/1657/htm.
39. Guedes, DP; Lima, K; Paula, C de. Estilo de vida de professores do ensino básico antes e durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Revista Contexto & Saúde. 2024 [cited 2024 Out 10] 24(48):13744, Available from: https://www.revistas.unijui.edu.br/index.php/contextoesaude/article/view/13744.
40. Meller, F. O., Schäfer, A. A., Bianca, L. V., Viero, V. S. F., Saes-Silva, E., Quadra, M. R., Dumith, S. C. Home office is associated with weight gain during the Covid-19 pandemic: Brazilian population-based studies. Cien Saude Colet. [Cited 2023 Dec 05]. Available from: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/home-office-is-associated-with-weight-gain-during-the-covid19-pandemic-brazilian-populationbased-studies/18978
41. Burrows T, Kay-Lambkin F, Pursey K, Skinner J, Dayas C. Food addiction and associations with mental health symptoms: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Journal Of Human Nutrition And Dietetics. 2018 [cited 2021 Oct 27]; 31(4):544-572. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29368800/.
42. Son C, Hegde S, Smith A, Wang X, Sasangohar F. Effects of COVID-19 on College Students’ Mental Health in the United States: interview survey study. Journal Of Medical Internet Research. 2020 [cited 2022 Nov 14]: 22(9):21279. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7473764/.
43. Pursey KM, Stanwell P, Gearhardt AN, Collins CE, Burrows TL. The Prevalence of Food Addiction as Assessed by the Yale Food Addiction Scale: a systematic review. Nutrients. 2014 [cited 2021 Nov 14]; 6(10):4552-4590. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4210934/.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Contexto & Saúde
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Autores que publicam na Revista Contexto & Saúde concordam com os seguintes termos:
a) A submissão de trabalho(s) científico(s) original(is) pelos autores, na qualidade de titulares do direito de autor do(s) texto(s) enviado(s) ao periódico, nos termos da Lei 9.610/98, implica na cessão de direitos autorais de publicação na Revista Contexto e Saúde do(s) artigo(s) aceitos para publicação à Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, autorizando-se, ainda, que o(s) trabalho(s) científico(s) aprovado(s) seja(m) divulgado(s) gratuitamente, sem qualquer tipo de ressarcimento a título de direitos autorais, por meio do site da revista e suas bases de dados de indexação e repositórios, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou download do arquivo do texto, a partir da data de aceitação para fins de publicação. Isto significa que, ao procederem a submissão do(s) artigo(s) à Revista Contexto e Saúde e, por conseguinte, a cessão gratuita dos direitos autorais relacionados ao trabalho científico enviado, os autores têm plena ciência de que não serão remunerados pela publicação do(s) artigo(s) no periódico.
b). Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
c). Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
d). Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre).
