Que fatores socioeconômicos influenciam a dinâmica da Ecologia Humana nos saberes etnobotânicos de comunidades circunscritas no Semiárido Mineiro?

Abstract

The study presents a systematic literature review on the socioeconomic factors that influence the dynamics of the human ecology in the traditional knowledge and plant resource use by local communities in the semiarid of Minas Gerais. The methodology used was Systematic Literature Review, performed between October 2021 and January 2022 and guided by the following question: "Which socioeconomic factors influence plant knowledge and resource use by traditional communities of northerm Minas Gerais?" For this, we searched the following databases: Scielo, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and BDTD (Brazilian Digital Database of Theses and Dissertations). We analyzed a total of seventeen studies conducted in eleven municipalities of the sertão of northern Minas Gerais. According to the data, the women are predominantly responsible for plant resource use (58.82%), which can be related to their role in caretaking for their families, homes, and backyards. As for the socioeconomic aspects, the data indicated that 1) older people have more ethnobotanical knowledge compared to younger people; 2) individuals with lower income tend to have greater knowledge about plants; 3) interviewees with lower education have greater ethnobotanical knowledge and are better at managing plant resources. However, the data indicate the existence of several gaps in this knowledge in northern Minas Gerais. Therefore, further studies by education and research institutions are recommended to deepen the understanding of the influence of these socioeconomic factors on plant resource use, management, and conservation and the local cultural expressions of traditional communities.