Epidemiological study of children and adolescents affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome in the covid-19 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21527/2176-7114.2024.48.14451Keywords:
SARS-Cov-2, Respiratory syncytial virus, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, Pediatrics, Hospital infection control programAbstract
Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of respiratory viruses and the clinicoepidemiological characteristics of children and adolescents who were hospitalized with acute respiratory impairment in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a transversal descriptive study. The population of the study is comprised of children and adolescents aged between 0 and 18 years old who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) and in the infirmary with acute respiratory impairment presenting with ate least 1 symptom, such as fever, even if just reported, cough, sore throat, dyspnea, O2 saturation < 95% or respiratory discomfort, diarrhea, and vomiting in the period from March 20, 2020 to December, 2021. Results: In the studied period, 95 individuals were eligible, predominantly males (50.5%) with comorbidities (58.2%). The most prevalent symptom was dyspnea (80%). Hospitalization in the ICU represented 53.6% of the cases, and 40% of the cases required noninvasive ventilatory support. Oseltamivir use was observed in 54.7% of the sample, and 28.4% of imaging exams evidenced pulmonary infiltrate; 98.8% of the cases evolved to full recovery. The most prevalent virus was the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Conclusion: The importance of knowledge of the current epidemiology regarding respiratory viruses in this population contributes to an assertive clinical practice and guides care to the target public in question, as well as to measures for blocking and mitigating the risks of unfavorable outcomes.
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