IMPACTS OF NON-INVASIVE VENTILATION ON ASTHMATIC CHILDREN ADMITTED TO INTENSIVE CARE UNITS AND WARDS: NA INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

IMPACTS OF NON-INVASIVE VENTILATION ON ASTHMATIC CHILDREN ADMITTED TO INTENSIVE CARE UNITS AND WARDS: NA INTEGRATIVE REVIEW VENTILAÇÃO NÃO INVASIVA EM CRIANÇAS ASMÁTICAS

Abstract

Introduction: Asthma is one of the most frequent chronic respiratory diseases in childhood. The pathophysiology of clinical conditions in asthmatic status provides a solid physiological basis for the use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in children. Objective: to analyze the effectiveness and safety of NIV in asthmatic children hospitalized in a hospital environment, as well as its physiological effects on the respiratory system, through the existing evidence. Methods: Research was carried out in the SciELO, Pubmed, Lilacs and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases, for original articles on asthma and NIV in children. In Portuguese, English and Spanish, published between 2010 and 2020. Through the standardized DeCS descriptors: “acute asthma”, “bilevel”, “pediatrics”, “continuous positive airway pressure”. Following a methodology and inclusion and exclusion criteria, so that 7 articles were selected. Of these, 1 presented evidence level A (14.3%), another B (14.3%) and 5 level C (71.4%). Results: Six articles showed positive outcomes regarding the use of NIV in respiratory disorders caused by asthma. The patients showed clinical improvements, such as gas exchange optimization; shorter hospital stay, lower intubation rate, among others. Only 1 study indicated that NIV is ineffective and has no apparent benefits. Final considerations: Studies have indicated that NIV is a good therapeutic option, safe and effective. However, current information is limited, of low quality and controversial, without a standardization of its management. It is necessary to conduct more randomized studies that leave no doubt as to its use in this population.