Prevalence of mental and physical signs and symptoms among healthcare professionals at the height of Covid-19: a meta-analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21527/2176-7114.2024.48.15061Keywords:
Prevalence, COVID-19, Systematic Review, Healthcare Professionals, Mental Health, Occupational HealthAbstract
Objective: A systematic evaluation of the prevalence of mental and physical signs and symptoms among healthcare professionals who provided direct care to patients with COVID-19 at the peak of the pandemic. Method: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis, based on Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations, conducted across eleven databases. The meta-analysis considered a random-effects model. Results: Seventy-seven studies were included, totaling 31,727 healthcare professionals. Among the mental signs and symptoms, the following prevalences were identified: anxiety 56% (95% CI = 44 to 67%, p < 0.005), depression 48% (95% CI = 40 to 57%, p < 0.01), stress 60% (95% CI = 47 to 73%, p < 0.01), insomnia 54% (95% CI = 42 to 65%, p < 0.05), post-traumatic stress disorder 32% (95% CI = 20% to 46%, p < 0.01), burnout syndrome 42% (95% CI = 34% to 50%, p < 0.01). Regarding physical signs and symptoms, skin lesions related to prolonged use of personal protective equipment and higher frequency of hand washing and use of hand sanitizer prevailedl. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals who cared for patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 at the peak of the pandemic exhibited a significant prevalence of mental and physical signs and symptoms, highlighting the need to ensure adequate health and working conditions.
References
Organização Pan Americana de Saúde. Folha informativa sobre COVID-19 [Internet]. Brasília: OPAS; 2021 [citado ago. 15, 2022]. Disponível em: https://www.paho.org/pt/covid19
Pan American Health Organization. Three variants of the COVID-19 virus found in 14 countries in the Americas, PAHO reports [Internet]. Washington D.C.: PAHO, 2021 [citado out. 14, 2022]. Disponível em: https://www.paho.org/en/news/28-1-2021-three-variants-covid-19-virus-found-14-countries-americas-paho-reports
Organização das Nações Unidas. Até 180 mil profissionais de saúde morreram de COVID-19, informa OMS [Internet]. Brasília: ONU; 2021 [citado out. 14, 2022]. Disponível em: https://brasil.un.org/pt-br/152760-até-180-mil-profissionais-de-saúde-morreram-de-covid-19-informa-oms
Campos ACV, Leitão LPC. Lethality of COVID-19 among healthcare professionals in Pará, Brazil. J. health NPEPS. 2021;6(1):22-34. DOI: 10.30681/252610105190
Machado MH, Wermelinger M, Machado AV, Pereira EJ, Aguiar Filho W. Perfil e condições de trabalho dos profissionais da saúde em tempos de covid-19: a realidade brasileira. In: Portela MC, Reis LGC, Lima SML, editors. Covid-19: desafios para a organização e repercussões nos sistemas e serviços de saúde. Rio de Janeiro: Observatório Covid-19 Fiocruz; Editora Fiocruz; 2022. p. 283-295. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7476/9786557081587.0019
Moola S, Munn Z, Tufanaru C, Aromataris E, Sears K, Sfetcu R, et al. Chapter 7: systematic reviews of etiology and risk. In: Aromataris E, Munn Z, editors. JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. JBI. 2020. DOI: 10.46658/JBIMES-20-08
Munn Z, Moola S, Lisy K, Riitano D, Tufanaru C. Chapter 5: Systematic reviews of prevalence and incidence. In: Aromataris E, Munn Z, editors. JBI manual for evidence synthesis. JBI. 2020. DOI: 10.46658/JBIMES-20-06
Rethlefsen ML, Kirtley S, Waffenschmidt S, Ayala AP, Moher D, Page MJ, et al. PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews. Syst Rev. 2021;10(1):39. DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01542-z
Page MJ, Mckenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Br Med J. 2021;372(71). DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n71
Porto CC. Semiologia médica – Porto. 7. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2014.
Endnote Web [Internet]. [citado abr. 12 2021]. Disponível em: https://access.clarivate.com/login?app=endnote
Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan: a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Syst rev. 2016;5:210. DOI: 10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4
Munn Z, Moola S, Lisy K, Riitano D, Tufanaru C. Methodological guidance for systematic reviews of observational epidemiological studies reporting prevalence and cumulative incidence data. Int J evid based healthc. 2015 set.;13(3):147-153. DOI: 10.1097/XEB.0000000000000054 PMID: 26317388
Honório HM, Santiago Junior J F. Fundamentos das revisões sistemáticas em saúde. São Paulo: Santos Publicações; 2021.
Veroniki AA, Jackson D, Viechtbauer W, Bender R, Bowden J, Knapp G, et al. Methods to estimate the between-study variance and its uncertainty in meta-analysis. Res synth methods. 2016 mar.;7(1):55-79. DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1164 PMID: 26332144; PMCID: PMC4950030
Ministério da Saúde (BR). Resolução n° 510, de 7 de abril de 2016 [Internet]. DOU, 24 maio 2016 [citado jan. 20 2022]. Disponível em: https://www.in.gov.br/materia/-/asset_publisher/Kujrw0TZC2Mb/content/id/22917581
Nancy Ajwa, Abdullah Al Rafee, Hamad Al Rafie, Nawaf Alrafee, Nasser Alduhaimi, Faisal Zainaldeen, et al. Psychological status assessment of medical and dental staff during the Covid-19 outbreak in Saudi Arabia. Med Sci [Internet]. 2020 [citado out. 14, 2022];24(106), 4.790-4.797. Disponível em: https://www.discoveryjournals.org/medicalscience/current_issue/v24/n106/A119.pdf
Al Maqbali M, Al Khadhuri J. Psychological impact of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on nurses. Jpn J nurs sci. 2021;18(3): e12417. DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12417
Alshekaili M, Hassan W, Al Said N, Al Sulaimani F, Jayapal SK, Al-Mawali A, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes across healthcare settings in Oman during COVID-19: frontline versus non-frontline healthcare workers. BMJ open. 2020 out. 10;10(10):e042030. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042030
Altmayer V, Weiss N, Cao A, Marois C, Demeret S, Rohaut B, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 crisis in Paris: A differential psychological impact between regular intensive care unit staff members and reinforcement workers. Aust crit care. 2021;34(2):142-145. DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2020.11.005
Antonijevic J, Binic I, Zikic O, Manojlovic S, Tosic-Golubovic S, Popovic N. Mental health of medical personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic. Brain Behav. 2020;10(12):e01881. DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1881
Arafa A, Mohammed Z, Mahmoud O, Elshazley M, Ewis A. Depressed, anxious, and stressed: What have healthcare workers on the frontlines in Egypt and Saudi Arabia experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic? J affect disord. 2021;278:365-371. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.080
Awano N, Oyama N, Akiyama K, Inomata M, Kuse N, Tone M, et al. Anxiety, Depression, and Resilience of Healthcare Workers in Japan During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak. Intern med. 2020;59(21):2.693-2.699. DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.5694-20
Bates A, Ottaway J, Moyses H, Perrrow M, Rushbrook S, Cusack R. Psychological impact of caring for critically ill patients during the Covid-19 pandemic and recommendations for staff support. J intensive care soc. 2021;22(4):312-318. DOI: 10.1177/1751143720965109
Chapa-Koloffon GDC, Jean-Tron MG, Ávila-Hernández AV, Márquez-González H, Garduño-Espinosa J. Frequency of acute stress disorder in health care workers of a tertiary level pediatric hospital during the National Safe Distance Strategy for COVID-19 prevention. Bol med hosp infant mex. 2021;78(1):10-17. DOI: 10.24875/BMHIM.20000226
Chen H, Wang B, Cheng Y, Muhammad B, Li S, Miao Z, et al. Prevalence of posttraumatic stress symptoms in health care workers after exposure to patients with COVID-19. Neurobiol Stress. 2020;13:100261. DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100261
Chen J, Liu X, Wang D, Jin Y, He M, Ma Y, et al. Risk factors for depression and anxiety in healthcare workers deployed during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2021;56(1):47-55. DOI: 10.1007/s00127-020-01954-1
Chow SK, Francis B, Ng YH, Naim N, Beh HC, Ariffin MAA, et al. Religious Coping, Depression and Anxiety among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Malaysian Perspective. Healthcare (Basel). 2021;9(1):79. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9010079
Çiriş Yildiz C, Ulaşli Kaban H, Tanriverdi FŞ. COVID-19 pandemic and personal protective equipment: Evaluation of equipment comfort and user attitude. Arch Environ Occup Health. 2022;77(1):1-8. DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1828247
Coelho MMF, Cavalcante VMV, Moraes JT, Menezes LCG, Figueirêdo SV, Branco MFCC, et al. Pressure injury related to the use of personal protective equipment in COVID-19 pandemic. Rev bras enferm. 2020;73(Suppl 2):e20200670. DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0670
Conti C, Fontanesi L, Lanzara R, Rosa I, Porcelli P. Fragile heroes. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-care workers in Italy. PLoS one. 2020;15(11):e0242538. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242538
Dal'Bosco EB, Floriano LSM, Skupien SV, Arcaro G, Martins AR, Anselmo ACC. Mental health of nursing in coping with COVID-19 at a regional university hospital. Rev bras enferm. 2020;73(Suppl 2):e20200434. DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0434
Duan X, Sun H, He Y, Yang J, Li X, Taparia K, et al. Personal Protective Equipment in COVID-19: Impacts on Health Performance, Work-Related Injuries, and Measures for Prevention. J occup environ med. 2021;63(3):221-225. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002123
Elkholy H, Tawfik F, Ibrahim I, Salah El-Din W, Sabry M, Mohammed S, et al. Mental health of frontline healthcare workers exposed to COVID-19 in Egypt: A call for action. Int J soc psychiatry. 2021;67(5):522-531. DOI: 10.1177/0020764020960192
Erize-Herrera JA, García-Mireles V, Uh-Sánchez I, Felix-Téllez F, Encarnación-Martínez M, Estrada-Aguilar L. Manifestaciones dermatológicas en los profesionales de la salud asociadas al uso de equipo de protección personal para la atención de los pacientes con infección por COVID-19 en los hospitales del área metropolitana de la ciudad de México. Piel. 2021;36(8):510-515. DOI: 10.1016/j.piel.2020.10.004
Ferreira S, Sousa MM, Moreira PS, Sousa N, Picó-Pérez M, Morgado P. A Wake-up Call for Burnout in Portuguese Physicians During the COVID-19 Outbreak: National Survey Study. JMIR public health surveill. 2021;7(6):e24312. DOI: 10.2196/24312
Geng S, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Lou A, Cai Y, Xie J, et al. The influence of risk perception for COVID-19 pandemic on posttraumatic stress disorder in healthcare workers: A survey from four designated hospitals. Clin psychol psychother. 2021;28(5):1.146-1.159. DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2564
Guo WP, Min Q, Gu WW, Yu L, Xiao X, Yi WB, et al. Prevalence of mental health problems in frontline healthcare workers after the first outbreak of COVID-19 in China: a cross-sectional study. Health qual life outcomes. 2021;19(1):103. DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01743-7
Gupta B, Sharma V, Kumar N, Mahajan A. Anxiety and Sleep Disturbances Among Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in India: Cross-Sectional Online Survey. JMIR public health surveill. 2020;6(4):e24206. DOI: 10.2196/24206
Gupta S, Prasad AS, Dixit PK, Padmakumari P, Gupta S, Abhisheka K. Survey of prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among 1124 healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic across India. Med J armed forces Índia. 2021;77(Suppl 2):S404-S12. DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.07.006
Havlioğlu S, Demir HA. Determining the anxiety Levels of emergency service employees working during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Harran University Medical Faculty, Şanlıurfa. 2020;17(2):251-255. DOI: 10.35440/hutfd.752467
Hawari FI, Obeidat NA, Dodin YI, Albtoosh AS, Manasrah RM, Alaqeel IO, et al. The inevitability of Covid-19 related distress among healthcare workers: Findings from a low caseload country under lockdown. PLoS one. 2021;16(4):e0248741. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248741
Huo L, Zhou Y, Li S, Ning Y, Zeng L, Liu Z, et al. Burnout and Its Relationship With Depressive Symptoms in Medical Staff During the COVID-19 Epidemic in China. Front psychol. 2021;12:616369. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.616369
Ilias I, Mantziou V, Vamvakas E, Kampisiouli E, Theodorakopoulou M, Vrettou C, et al. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Burnout in Healthcare Professionals During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: a Cross-Sectional Study. J crit care med. 2021;7(1):14-20. DOI: 10.2478/jccm-2020-0042
Kong X, Cao Y, Luo X, He L. The correlation analysis between the appearance anxiety and personality traits of the medical staff on nasal and facial pressure ulcers during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak. Nurs open. 2020;8(1):147-155. DOI: 10.1002/nop2.613
Korkmaz S, Kazgan A, Çekiç S, Tartar AS, Balcı HN, Atmaca M. The anxiety levels, quality of sleep and life and problem-solving skills in healthcare workers employed in COVID-19 services. J clin neurosci. 2020;80:131-136. DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.07.073
Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019. Jama netw open. 2020;3(3):e203976. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
Lenzo V, Quattropani MC, Sardella A, Martino G, Bonanno GA. Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Outbreak and Relationships With Expressive Flexibility and Context Sensitivity. Front psychol. 2021;12:623033. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.623033
Li X, Li S, Xiang M, Fang Y, Qian K, Xu J, et al. The prevalence and risk factors of PTSD symptoms among medical assistance workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. J psychosom res. 2020;139:110270. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110270
Liu S, Yang L, Zhang C, Xu Y, Cai L, Ma S, et al. Gender differences in mental health problems of healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak. J psychiatr res. 2021;137:393-400. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.014
Liu Y, Chen H, Zhang N, Wang X, Fan Q, Zhang Y, et al. Anxiety and depression symptoms of medical staff under COVID-19 epidemic in China. J Affect Disord. 2021;278:144-148. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.004
Liu Y, Long Y, Cheng Y, Guo Q, Yang L, Lin Y, et al. Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Nurses in China: A Nationwide Survey During the Outbreak. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:598712. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.598712
Magnavita N, Soave PM, Ricciardi W, Antonelli M. Occupational Stress and Mental Health among Anesthetists during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J environ res public health. 2020;17(21):8245. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218245
Maraqa B, Nazzal Z, Zink T. Palestinian Health Care Workers' Stress and Stressors During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. J prim care community health. 2020;11:2150132720955026. DOI: 10.1177/2150132720955026
Matsuo T, Kobayashi D, Taki F, Sakamoto F, Uehara Y, Mori N, et al. Prevalence of Health Care Worker Burnout During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Japan. Jama netw open. 2020;3(8):e2017271. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.17271
Naldi A, Vallelonga F, Di Liberto A, Cavallo R, Agnesone M, Gonella M, et al. COVID-19 pandemic-related anxiety, distress and burnout: prevalence and associated factors in healthcare workers of North-West Italy. BJPsych open. 2021;7(1):e27. DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2020.161
Orrù G, Marzetti F, Conversano C, Vagheggini G, Miccoli M, Ciacchini R, et al. Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout in Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Outbreak. Int J Environ res public health. 2021;18(1):337. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010337
Pan X, Xiao Y, Ren D, Xu ZM, Zhang Q, Yang LY, et al. Prevalence of mental health problems and associated risk factors among military healthcare workers in specialized COVID-19 hospitals in Wuhan, China: A cross-sectional survey. Asia pac psychiatry. 2022;14(1):e12427. DOI: 10.1111/appy.12427
Parthasarathy R, Ts J, K T, Murthy P. Mental health issues among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic - A study from India. Asian J psychiatr. 2021;58:102626. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102626
Pazmiño Erazo EE, Alvear Velásquez MJ, Saltos Chávez IG, Pazmiño Pullas DE. Factors associated with psychiatric adverse effects in healthcare personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador. Rev colomb psiquiatr. 2021;50(3):166-175. DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2020.12.001
Peng X, Meng X, Li L, Hu C, Liu W, Liu Z, et al. Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms of Healthcare Workers in Intensive Care Unit Under the COVID-19 Epidemic: An Online Cross-Sectional Study in China. Front public health. 2021;9:603273. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.603273
Perera B, Wickramarachchi B, Samanmalie C, Hettiarachchi M. Psychological experiences of healthcare professionals in Sri Lanka during COVID-19. BMC psychol. 2021;9(1):49. DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00526-5
Pouralizadeh M, Bostani Z, Maroufizadeh S, Ghanbari A, Khoshbakht M, Alavi SA, et al. Anxiety and depression and the related factors in nurses of Guilan University of Medical Sciences hospitals during COVID-19: A web-based cross-sectional study. Int J afr nurs sci. 2020;13:100233. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2020.100233
Qi J, Xu J, Li BZ, Huang JS, Yang Y, Zhang ZT, et al. The evaluation of sleep disturbances for Chinese frontline medical workers under the outbreak of COVID-19. Sleep med. 2020;72:1-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.05.023
Robles R, Rodríguez E, Vega-Ramírez H, Álvarez-Icaza D, Madrigal E, Durand S, Morales-Chainé S, et al. Mental health problems among healthcare workers involved with the COVID-19 outbreak. Braz J psychiatry. 2021;43(5):494-503. DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1346
Roslan NS, Yusoff MSB, Razak AA, Morgan K. Burnout prevalence and its associated factors among malaysian healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic: an embedded mixed-method study. Healthcare, Basel. 2021;9(1):90. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9010090
Saeed R, Amin F, Talha M, Randenikumara S, Shariff I, Durrani N, et al. COVID-19 Pandemic Prevalence and Risk Factors for Depression Among Health Care Workers in South Asia. Asia pac j public health. 2021;33(8):935-939. DOI: 10.1177/10105395211002324
Samaniego A, Urzúa A, Buenahora M, Vera-Villarroel P. Symptomatology associated with mental health disorders in health workers in Paraguay: COVID-19 effect. RIP/IJP. 2020;54(1):1-9. DOI: 10.30849/ripijp.v54i1.1298
Sandesh R, Shahid W, Dev K, Mandhan N, Shankar P, Shaikh A, et al. Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals in Pakistan. Cureus. 2020;12(7):e8974. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.8974
Saracoglu KT, Simsek T, Kahraman S, Bombaci E, Sezen Ö, Saracoglu A, et al. The psychological impact of COVID-19 disease is more severe on intensive care unit healthcare providers: a cross-sectional study. Clin psychopharmacol neurosci. 2020;18(4):607-615. DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2020.18.4.607
Saricam M. COVID-19-related anxiety in nurses working on front lines in Turkey. Nurs midwifery stud, 2020;9(3):178-181. DOI: 10.4103/nms.nms_40_20
Sharma R, Seth S, Solanki HK, Mishra N, Srivastava A, Jakhar K. COVID-19 and obstetrical care: coping with new stress. Cureus. 2020;12(12):e12116. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12116
Shen Y, Zhan Y, Zheng H, Liu H, Wan Y, Zhou W. Anxiety and its association with perceived stress and insomnia among nurses fighting against COVID-19 in Wuhan: a cross-sectional survey. J clin nurs. 2021;30(17-18):2654-64. DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15678
Sunjaya DK, Herawati DMD, Siregar AYM. Depressive, anxiety, and burnout symptoms on health care personnel at a month after COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia. BMC public health. 2021;21(1):227. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10299-6
Suryavanshi N, Kadam A, Dhumal G, Nimkar S, Mave V, Gupta A, et al. Mental health and quality of life among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. Brain behav. 2020;10(11):e01837. DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1837
Teshome A, Glagn M, Shegaze M, Tekabe B, Getie A, Assefa G, et al. Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Its Associated Factors Among Health Care Workers Fighting COVID-19 in Southern Ethiopia. Psychol res behav manag. 2020;13:907-917. DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S282822
Manh Than H, Minh Nong V, Trung Nguyen C, Phu Dong K, Ngo HT, Thu Doan T, et al. Mental Health and Health-Related Quality-of-Life Outcomes Among Frontline Health Workers During the Peak of COVID-19 Outbreak in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020;13:2.927-2.936. DOI: 10.2147/RMHP.S280749
Tiete J, Guatteri M, Lachaux A, Matossian A, Hougardy JM, Loas G, et al. Mental Health Outcomes in Healthcare Workers in COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Care Units: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Belgium. Front psychol. 2021;11:612241. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.612241
Torrente M, Sousa PA, Sánchez-Ramos A, Pimentao J, Royuela A, Franco F, et al. To burn-out or not to burn-out: a cross-sectional study in healthcare professionals in Spain during COVID-19 pandemic. BMJ open. 2021;11(2):e044945. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044945
Tran TV, Nguyen HC, Pham LV, Nguyen MH, Nguyen HC, Ha TH, et al. Impacts and interactions of COVID-19 response involvement, health-related behaviours, health literacy on anxiety, depression and health-related quality of life among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open. 2020;10(12):e041394. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041394
Urzúa A, Samaniego A, Caqueo-Urízar A, Zapata Pizarro A, Irarrázaval Domínguez M. Salud mental en trabajadores de la salud durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en Chile [Mental health problems among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic]. Rev med chil. 2020;148(8):1.121-1.127. DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872020000801121
Veeraraghavan V, Srinivasan K. Work place impact on mental wellbeing of frontline doctors. J mind med sci. 2020;7(2). DOI:10.22543/7674.72.P188192
Wang W, Song W, Xia Z, He Y, Tang L, Hou J, et al. Sleep Disturbance and Psychological Profiles of Medical Staff and Non-Medical Staff During the Early Outbreak of COVID-19 in Hubei Province, China. Front psychiatry. 2020;11:733. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00733
Wang Y, Ma S, Yang C, Cai Z, Hu S, Zhang B, et al. Acute psychological effects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study. Transl psychiatry. 2020;10(1):348. DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01031-w
Wańkowicz P, Szylińska A, Rotter I. Assessment of mental health factors among health professionals depending on their contact with COVID-19 patients. Int J Environ res public health. 2020;17(16):5849. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165849
Yang Y, Lu L, Chen T, Ye S, Kelifa MO, Cao N, et al. Healthcare Worker's Mental Health and Their Associated Predictors During the Epidemic Peak of COVID-19. Psychol res behav manag. 2021;14:221-231. DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S290931
Yitayih Y, Mekonen S, Zeynudin A, Mengistie E, Ambelu A. Mental health of healthcare professionals during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia. BJPsych open. 2020;7(1):e1. DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2020.130
Zakaria MI, Remeli R, Ahmad Shahamir MF, Md Yusuf MH, Azizah Ariffin MA, Noor Azhar AM. Assessment of burnout among emergency medicine healthcare workers in a teaching hospital in Malaysia during COVID-19 pandemic. Hong Kong journal of emergency medicine. 2021;28(4):254-259. DOI:10.1177/1024907921989499
Saba Zartash, Muhammad Javed, Mubashar Hashmi, Ahad Qayyum, Muhammad Asim Rana, Faisal Munir. COVID-19 Induced anxiety among health care professionals. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences [Internet]. 2020 [citado out. 18, 2022];14(3):846-849. Disponível em: https://pjmhsonline.com/2020/july-sep/846.pdf
Zhang H, Shi Y, Jing P, Zhan P, Fang Y, Wang F. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in healthcare workers after the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak: A survey of a large tertiary care hospital in Wuhan. Psychiatry res. 2020;294:113541. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113541
Zheng R, Zhou Y, Qiu M, Yan Y, Yue J, Yu L, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among Hubei pediatric nurses during COVID-19 pandemic. Compr psychiatry. 2021;104:152217. DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152217
Zhou Y, Yang Y, Shi T, Song Y, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, et al. Prevalence and Demographic Correlates of Poor Sleep Quality Among Frontline Health Professionals in Liaoning Province, China During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Front psychiatry. 2020;11:520. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00520
Zhou Y, Wang W, Sun Y, Qian W, Liu Z, Wang R, et al. The prevalence and risk factors of psychological disturbances of frontline medical staff in china under the COVID-19 epidemic: Workload should be concerned. J Affect disord. 2020;277:510-514. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.059
Allan SM, Bealey R, Birch J, Cushing T, Parke S, Sergi G, et al. The prevalence of common and stress-related mental health disorders in healthcare workers based in pandemic-affected hospitals: a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J psychotraumatol. 2020 Oct 16;11(1):1810903. DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2020.1810903
Pappa S, Ntella V, Giannakas T, Giannakoulis VG, Papoutsi E, Katsaounou P. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain behav immun. 2020 ago.;88:901-907. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.026 Erratum in: Brain behav immun. 2021 fev.;92:247.
Salari N, Khazaie H, Hosseinian-Far A, Khaledi-Paveh B, Kazeminia M, Mohammadi M, et al. The prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression within front-line healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-regression. Hum resour health. 2020;18(1):100. DOI: 10.1186/s12960-020-00544-1
İlhan B, Küpeli İ. Secondary traumatic stress, anxiety, and depression among emergency healthcare workers in the middle of the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study. Am J emerg med. 2022;52:99-104. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.11.051
World Health Organization. Depression and other common mental disorders: global health estimates [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2017 [citado set. 15 2022]. Disponível em: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/254610
Zhang WR, Wang K, Yin L, Zhao WF, Xue Q, Peng M, et al. Mental Health and Psychosocial Problems of Medical Health Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic in China. Psychother psychosom. 2020;89(4):242-250. DOI: 10.1159/000507639
Şahin MK, Aker S, Şahin G, Karabekiroğlu A. Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Distress and Insomnia and Related Factors in Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. J community health. 2020;45(6):1.168-1.177. DOI: 10.1007/s10900-020-00921-w
Dosil Santamaría M, Ozamiz-Etxebarria N, Redondo Rodríguez I, Jaureguizar Albondiga-Mayor J, Picaza Gorrochategi M. Psychological impact of COVID-19 on a sample of Spanish health professionals. Rev psiquiatr salud ment. 2021;14(2):106-112. DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2020.05.002
Zhan Y, Liu Y, Liu H, Li M, Shen Y, Gui L, et al. Factors associated with insomnia among Chinese front-line nurses fighting against COVID-19 in Wuhan: A cross-sectional survey. J nurs manag. 2020;28(7):1.525-1.535. DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13094
Mahmud S, Hossain S, Muyeed A, Islam MM, Mohsin M. The global prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia and its changes among health professionals during COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon. 2021;7(7):e07393. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07393
Babore A, Lombardi L, Viceconti ML, Pignataro S, Marino V, Crudele M, et al. Psychological effects of the COVID-2019 pandemic: Perceived stress and coping strategies among healthcare professionals. Psychiatry res. 2020;293:113366. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113366
Sun P, Wang M, Song T, Wu Y, Luo J, Chen L, et al. The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front psychol. 2021;12:626547. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626547
Khan MS, Aouad R. The effects of insomnia and sleep loss on cardiovascular disease. Sleep med clin. 2017;12(2):167-167. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2017.01.005
Teixeira CFS, Soares CM, Souza EA, Lisboa ES, Pinto ICM, Andrade LR, et al. The health of healthcare professionals coping with the Covid-19 pandemic. Cien Saude Colet. 2020;25(9):3.465-3.474. DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232020259.19562020
Aymerich C, Pedruzo B, Pérez JL, Laborda M, Herrero J, Blanco J, et al. COVID-19 pandemic effects on health worker's mental health: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Psychiatry. 2022;65(1):e10. DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1
APA Dictionary of Psychology [Internet]. 2022 [citado 2022 out. 12]. Disponível em: https://dictionary.apa.org/posttraumatic-stress-disorder
Gonzalez Mendez MJ, Ma L, Alvarado R, Ramirez J, Xu KP, Xu HF, et al. A Multi-Center Study on the Negative Psychological Impact and Associated Factors in Chinese Healthcare Workers 1 Year After the COVID-19 Initial Outbreak. Int J Public Health. 2022;67:1604979. DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604979
Adriaenssens J, De Gucht V, Maes S. Determinants and prevalence of burnout in emergency nurses: a systematic review of 25 years of research. Int J nurs stud. 2015;52(2):649-661. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.11.004
Raudenská J, Steinerová V, Javůrková A, Urits I, Kaye AD, Viswanath O, et al. Occupational burnout syndrome and post-traumatic stress among healthcare professionals during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Best pract res clin anaesthesiol. 2020;34(3):553-560. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2020.07.008
Gürlek Kısacık Ö, Özyürek P. Skin-related problems associated with the use of personal protective equipment among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A online survey study. J tissue viability. 2022;31(1):112-118. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2022.01.003
Kiely LF, Moloney E, O'Sullivan G, Eustace JA, Gallagher J, Bourke JF. Irritant contact dermatitis in healthcare workers as result of the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Clin exp dermatol. 2021;46(1):142-144. DOI: 10.1111/ced.14397
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Contexto & Saúde
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Autores que publicam na Revista Contexto & Saúde concordam com os seguintes termos:
a) A submissão de trabalho(s) científico(s) original(is) pelos autores, na qualidade de titulares do direito de autor do(s) texto(s) enviado(s) ao periódico, nos termos da Lei 9.610/98, implica na cessão de direitos autorais de publicação na Revista Contexto e Saúde do(s) artigo(s) aceitos para publicação à Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, autorizando-se, ainda, que o(s) trabalho(s) científico(s) aprovado(s) seja(m) divulgado(s) gratuitamente, sem qualquer tipo de ressarcimento a título de direitos autorais, por meio do site da revista e suas bases de dados de indexação e repositórios, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou download do arquivo do texto, a partir da data de aceitação para fins de publicação. Isto significa que, ao procederem a submissão do(s) artigo(s) à Revista Contexto e Saúde e, por conseguinte, a cessão gratuita dos direitos autorais relacionados ao trabalho científico enviado, os autores têm plena ciência de que não serão remunerados pela publicação do(s) artigo(s) no periódico.
b). Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
c). Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
d). Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre).
