POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SAÚDE NO BRASIL: UMA TRAJETÓRIA DO IMPÉRIO A CRIAÇÃO DO SUS

Abstract

The trajectory of health policies in Brazil is directly related to the political, social and economic evolution of Brazilian society, and it is not possible to dissolve them, the logic of the evolutionary process has always obeyed the perspective of the advance of capitalism, suffering strong pressure and international intervention. The article presents the changes that have occurred during the history of public health in Brazil, with the aim of briefly presenting the path of Brazilian Public Health, from the first steps in the period of Colonization, through the times of the Empire, the Republic, Militarism, Redemocratization, to the emergence of the Unified Health System (SUS). This study is a theoretical literature review that used sources such as: books, scientific articles, research platforms such as Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Google Scholar, website of the Ministry of Health and the National Health Foundation. It was concluded that health has never occupied a central place within the brazilian state policy, being always left on the periphery of the system, both with regard to the solution of the major health problems that afflict the population, as well as in the allocation of resources directed to the sector. This critical situation imposed the need for changes in this system and triggered the process of implementation of the health reform in Brazil, which has as its fundamental perspective the construction of the Unified Health System.

Keywords: Public policy. Health. Historical evolution. Unified Health System.